A1.1 — German Articles
A1.1

German Articles

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Family العائلة

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ArtGermanEnglishالعربيةRuleHint
der Vater 🔊 father أب Natural gender → masculine (male person) Vater sounds like 'father'
die Mutter 🔊 mother أم Natural gender → feminine (female person) Mutter = mother, both start with M
der Bruder 🔊 brother أخ Natural gender → masculine (male person) Bruder = brother, both have 'r'
die Schwester 🔊 sister أخت Natural gender → feminine (female person) Schwester = sister, both end with -er/-ter
der Sohn 🔊 son ابن Natural gender → masculine Sohn = son, short words
die Tochter 🔊 daughter ابنة Natural gender → feminine Tochter = daughter, both end with -er
der Opa 🔊 grandpa جد Natural gender → masculine, ending -a often masc. Opa = grandpa, easy to remember
die Oma 🔊 grandma جدة Natural gender → feminine, ending -a often fem. Oma = grandma, easy to remember
der Onkel 🔊 uncle عم / خال Natural gender → masculine Onkel sounds like 'uncle'
die Tante 🔊 aunt عمة / خالة Natural gender → feminine, ending -e Tante sounds like 'aunt'
der Cousin 🔊 cousin (male) ابن عم / خال Natural gender → masculine Cousin = cousin, same in English
die Cousine 🔊 cousin (female) بنت عم / خالة Natural gender → feminine, ending -e Cousine = cousin + -e for feminine
das Baby 🔊 baby طفل رضيع Neuter (diminutive/young being) Baby is neuter in German
die Familie 🔊 family عائلة Ending -ie → feminine Familie = family, ending -ie = die

Food الطعام

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ArtGermanEnglishالعربيةRuleHint
der Apfel 🔊 apple تفاحة Ending -el → often masculine Apfel = apple, both start with A
das Brot 🔊 bread خبز No specific ending → neuter (common) Brot = bread, think of 'toast'
der Käse 🔊 cheese جبن Ending -e with consonant → masc. exception Käse = cheese, both have 'e'
der Fisch 🔊 fish سمكة Short masculine noun Fisch = fish, both start with F
das Fleisch 🔊 meat لحم Neuter (food item, generic) Fleisch = flesh/meat
das Ei 🔊 egg بيضة Short neuter noun Ei = egg, very short = das
der Reis 🔊 rice أرز Short masculine noun Reis = rice
der Salat 🔊 salad سلطة Borrowed word → often masculine Salat = salad
die Suppe 🔊 soup شوربة Ending -e → feminine Suppe = soup, ending -e = die
der Kuchen 🔊 cake كعكة Ending -en → often masculine Kuchen = cake
das Obst 🔊 fruit فاكهة Neuter (collective noun) Obst = fruit, both are neutral concepts
das Gemüse 🔊 vegetables خضروات Prefix Ge- → neuter Gemüse starts with Ge- → das
die Kartoffel 🔊 potato بطاطس Ending -el → BUT feminine exception Kartoffel ends with -el but is die
der Teller 🔊 plate طبق Ending -er → often masculine Teller sounds like 'tray'

Drinks المشروبات

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ArtGermanEnglishالعربيةRuleHint
das Wasser 🔊 water ماء Ending -er → neuter exception (chemicals/liquids) Water is neutral in German
die Milch 🔊 milk حليب Short feminine noun Milch = milk, think 'milch' = milk
der Saft 🔊 juice عصير Short masculine noun Saft = juice
der Kaffee 🔊 coffee قهوة Borrowed word → masculine Kaffee = coffee
der Tee 🔊 tea شاي Short masculine noun Tee = tea
das Bier 🔊 beer بيرة Neuter (alcoholic drink) Bier = beer, both neuter/neutral
der Wein 🔊 wine نبيذ Short masculine noun Wein = wine
die Limonade 🔊 lemonade ليمونادة Ending -e → feminine Limonade ends with -e → die
der Sekt 🔊 sparkling wine شمبانيا Short masculine noun Sekt = champagne
die Tasse 🔊 cup فنجان / كوب Ending -e → feminine Tasse ends with -e → die
das Glas 🔊 glass كأس / كوب Neuter (container) Glas = glass, same in English

Body Parts أجزاء الجسم

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ArtGermanEnglishالعربيةRuleHint
der Kopf 🔊 head رأس Short masculine noun Kopf = head, think 'cup' (top of body)
das Auge 🔊 eye عين Ending -e → neuter exception Auge = eye, think 'Augen' = 'eyes'
das Ohr 🔊 ear أذن Neuter body part (paired) Ohr = ear
die Nase 🔊 nose أنف Ending -e → feminine Nase ends with -e → die
der Mund 🔊 mouth فم Short masculine noun Mund = mouth
die Hand 🔊 hand يد Short feminine noun Hand = hand, same in English
der Arm 🔊 arm ذراع Short masculine noun Arm = arm, same in English
das Bein 🔊 leg ساق / رجل Neuter body part Bein = leg
der Fuß 🔊 foot قدم Short masculine noun Fuß = foot
der Finger 🔊 finger إصبع Ending -er → masculine Finger = finger, same in English
das Haar 🔊 hair شعر Neuter (collective noun) Haar = hair
der Rücken 🔊 back ظهر Ending -en → masculine Rücken = back
das Herz 🔊 heart قلب Neuter organ Herz = heart, special: das Herz

Clothing الملابس

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ArtGermanEnglishالعربيةRuleHint
das Hemd 🔊 shirt قميص Neuter clothing item Hemd = shirt, think 'hem'
die Hose 🔊 trousers / pants بنطلون Ending -e → feminine Hose ends with -e → die
die Jacke 🔊 jacket جاكيت Ending -e → feminine Jacke = jacket, ends with -e → die
der Rock 🔊 skirt تنورة Short masculine noun Rock = skirt
der Schuh 🔊 shoe حذاء Short masculine noun Schuh = shoe
der Mantel 🔊 coat معطف Ending -el → often masculine Mantel = coat
das Kleid 🔊 dress فستان Neuter clothing item Kleid = dress, think 'kleiden' = to dress
der Hut 🔊 hat قبعة Short masculine noun Hut = hat
die Socke 🔊 sock جورب Ending -e → feminine Socke ends with -e → die
der Pullover 🔊 sweater سترة Ending -er → masculine Pullover = pullover
die Krawatte 🔊 tie ربطة عنق Ending -e → feminine Krawatte ends with -e → die
die Tasche 🔊 bag / pocket حقيبة / جيب Ending -e → feminine Tasche ends with -e → die

House & Furniture المنزل والأثاث

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ArtGermanEnglishالعربيةRuleHint
das Haus 🔊 house منزل Neuter noun Haus = house
die Tür 🔊 door باب Short feminine noun Tür = door
das Fenster 🔊 window نافذة Ending -er → neuter exception Fenster = window
der Tisch 🔊 table طاولة Short masculine noun Tisch = table
der Stuhl 🔊 chair كرسي Short masculine noun Stuhl = stool/chair
das Bett 🔊 bed سرير Neuter noun Bett = bed
die Lampe 🔊 lamp مصباح Ending -e → feminine Lampe ends with -e → die
das Zimmer 🔊 room غرفة Ending -er → neuter (most -er rooms) Zimmer = room
die Küche 🔊 kitchen مطبخ Ending -e → feminine Küche ends with -e → die
das Bad 🔊 bathroom حمام Neuter noun Bad = bath
das Schlafzimmer 🔊 bedroom غرفة نوم Compound → last word determines article Schlaf + Zimmer = bedroom → das
das Wohnzimmer 🔊 living room غرفة المعيشة Compound → last word determines article Wohn + Zimmer = living room → das
der Spiegel 🔊 mirror مرآة Ending -er → masculine Spiegel = mirror
der Boden 🔊 floor / ground أرضية Ending -en → masculine Boden = ground

School & Office المدرسة والمكتب

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ArtGermanEnglishالعربيةRuleHint
die Schule 🔊 school مدرسة Ending -e → feminine Schule ends with -e → die
das Buch 🔊 book كتاب Neuter noun Buch = book
der Stift 🔊 pen قلم Short masculine noun Stift = pen/stylus
der Bleistift 🔊 pencil قلم رصاص Compound → last word (Stift) determines Blei (lead) + Stift (pen)
das Papier 🔊 paper ورق Neuter noun (material) Papier = paper
die Tafel 🔊 blackboard سبورة Ending -el → BUT feminine exception Tafel ends with -el → but die
das Heft 🔊 notebook كشكول / دفتر Neuter noun Heft = notebook
der Schreibtisch 🔊 desk مكتب Compound → last word (Tisch = der) Schreib (write) + Tisch (table)
der Lehrer 🔊 teacher (male) مدرس Ending -er → masculine (person) Lehrer ends with -er → der
die Lehrerin 🔊 teacher (female) مدرسة Ending -in → feminine Lehrer + in = female → die
der Schüler 🔊 student (male) طالب Ending -er → masculine (person) Schüler ends with -er → der
die Schülerin 🔊 student (female) طالبة Ending -in → feminine Schüler + in = female → die
die Klasse 🔊 class / grade فصل / صف Ending -e → feminine Klasse ends with -e → die

Animals الحيوانات

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ArtGermanEnglishالعربيةRuleHint
der Hund 🔊 dog كلب Natural gender (male animal) → masculine Hund = hound = dog
die Katze 🔊 cat قطة Natural gender (female animal) → feminine, ending -e Katze = cat, ends with -e → die
das Pferd 🔊 horse حصان Neuter animal (generic/young) Pferd = horse, think 'pferd'
der Vogel 🔊 bird طائر Ending -el → often masculine Vogel = bird
der Fisch 🔊 fish سمكة Short masculine noun Fisch = fish
die Maus 🔊 mouse فأر Short feminine noun Maus = mouse
der Bär 🔊 bear دب Short masculine noun Bär = bear
der Elefant 🔊 elephant فيل Borrowed word → often masculine Elefant = elephant
das Tier 🔊 animal حيوان Neuter generic term Tier = animal, generic = das
die Ente 🔊 duck بطة Ending -e → feminine Ente ends with -e → die
die Kuh 🔊 cow بقرة Short feminine noun (female animal) Kuh = cow
das Lamm 🔊 lamb خروف صغير Neuter (young animal) Lamm = lamb
der Affe 🔊 monkey قرد Ending -e → BUT masculine (animal) Affe = monkey, exception to -e rule

Nature & Weather الطبيعة والطقس

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ArtGermanEnglishالعربيةRuleHint
die Sonne 🔊 sun شمس Ending -e → feminine Sonne = sun, ends with -e → die
der Mond 🔊 moon قمر Short masculine noun Mond = moon
der Stern 🔊 star نجمة Short masculine noun Stern = star
die Wolke 🔊 cloud سحابة Ending -e → feminine Wolke ends with -e → die
der Regen 🔊 rain مطر Ending -en → masculine (weather) Regen = rain
der Schnee 🔊 snow ثلج Short masculine noun Schnee = snow
der Wind 🔊 wind رياح Short masculine noun Wind = wind
die Blume 🔊 flower زهرة Ending -e → feminine Blume ends with -e → die
der Baum 🔊 tree شجرة Short masculine noun Baum = tree
der Berg 🔊 mountain جبل Short masculine noun Berg = mountain
das Meer 🔊 sea / ocean بحر Neuter noun Meer = sea
das Wetter 🔊 weather طقس Ending -er → neuter exception Wetter = weather

Transport وسائل النقل

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ArtGermanEnglishالعربيةRuleHint
das Auto 🔊 car سيارة Ending -o → neuter Auto = car → das
der Bus 🔊 bus حافلة Short masculine noun (borrowed) Bus = bus → der
die Bahn 🔊 train / railway قطار / سكة حديد Short feminine noun Bahn = train/railway
der Zug 🔊 train قطار Short masculine noun Zug = train
das Fahrrad 🔊 bicycle دراجة Compound → last word (Rad = das) Fahr + Rad (wheel) = bicycle → das
das Flugzeug 🔊 airplane طائرة Compound → last word (Zeug = das) Flug (flight) + Zeug (thing) → das
das Schiff 🔊 ship سفينة Neuter noun Schiff = ship
das Motorrad 🔊 motorcycle دراجة نارية Compound → last word (Rad = das) Motor + Rad → das
das Taxi 🔊 taxi سيارة أجرة Ending -i → neuter (borrowed) Taxi = taxi → das
die U-Bahn 🔊 subway / underground مترو الأنفاق Compound → last word (Bahn = die) U (unter) + Bahn → die
die Straßenbahn 🔊 tram ترام Compound → last word (Bahn = die) Straße (street) + Bahn → die